Checklist for preparing a perfect espresso

A perfect espresso is not obtained by chance, but by respecting some essential parameters. The quality of an espresso is influenced by the weight of the coffee, the pressure of the espresso machine, the temperature of the water and the extraction time.

These factors are interdependent and changing any of them can affect the final result. That’s why professional bartenders constantly adjust variables to get the best extraction possible.

Perfect Espresso at the Bar and at Home – Essential Parameters

For bars, restaurants, catering (Ho.Re.Ca), but also for the home, using manual or professional espresso machines:

• Weight of coffee used for an espresso: 7g;
• Weight of coffee used for 2 double cup espressos: 14g;
• The coffee used: mainly arabic, to obtain a fine and balanced aroma;
• Uniform distribution of coffee in the filter holder for optimal extraction;
• Pressing the coffee with the tamper: application of a force of approximately 20 kg;
• Immediate activation of extraction after fixing the filter holder to avoid over-extraction;
• The quantity of coffee obtained: 30ml;
• Optimal extraction time: 25-30 seconds;
• Pump pressure: 9 bars for perfect balance;
• Boiler water temperature: 92°C (±2°C);
• Water used: without limescale, odors or impurities, to avoid deposits and alter the taste of the coffee.

1. The weight of the coffee – It is essential to use the right amount of ground coffee to obtain a well-balanced espresso. For a single espresso, 7 grams of coffee are needed, while for a double espresso, 14 grams are needed. Using too little or too much can result in an extraction that is too weak or too bitter.
2. Espresso pressure – To obtain correct extraction, the pressure of the espresso machine pump must be around 9 bar. Too little pressure can result in an under-extracted espresso that lacks body and flavor, while too much pressure can make the drink too bitter and over-extracted.
3. Water temperature – The water must have an optimal temperature of approximately 92°C (+/-2°C). If the water is too hot it will burn the coffee, accentuating the bitter notes, while if it is too cold it will extract too few essential oils, resulting in a weak and uncomplicated brew.
4. Extraction time – A perfect espresso should come out in 25-30 seconds. If the extraction is too fast the result will be an underdeveloped, watery and acidic coffee. If it takes too long, the espresso will be over-extracted and will taste bitter and unpleasant.

Perfect espresso at vending machines: what you need to know

Coffee machines used in public spaces have different parameters, adapted for high efficiency and automated operation:

• Weight of ground coffee: 7-9g (depends on the available coffee group);
• The coffee used: mainly robust, for an intense and creamier flavour;
• Boiler water temperature: 90°C (±2°C);
• The quantity of coffee obtained: 30ml;
• Extraction time: 25-30 seconds.

Golden rule: 25-30 seconds for a perfect espresso

An essential aspect in the preparation of an espresso is the degree of grinding of the coffee. If the espresso comes out too quickly (in less than 25 seconds), the coffee is ground too coarse (coarse). If it takes too long (more than 30 seconds), the grind is too fine. Adjusting this parameter ensures optimal extraction and a balanced aroma.

Common mistakes and how to avoid them

1. Is the coffee flowing too quickly? The grind is too coarse (coarse) or the tamping is insufficient.
2. Does the coffee flow too slowly? The grind is too fine or the pressure is excessive.
3. Is the cream too runny? The coffee is too old or the extraction was too fast.
4. Is your espresso machine not working properly? Check the pressure, water temperature and quality of the beans.

Preparing a perfect espresso requires respecting some essential parameters. Whether you use a professional espresso machine in the Ho.Re.Ca sector or a vending machine, fine adjustment of the coffee weight, grinding and pump pressure will make the difference between a mediocre espresso and a perfectly balanced one.

Professional coffee recommendations for bars and restaurants that you can buy from Espresso Cafe: